【英文标准名称】:StandardPracticeforSettinganUpperConfidenceBoundForaFractionorNumberofNon-Conformingitems,oraRateofOccurrenceforNon-conformities,UsingAttributeData,WhenThereisaZeroResponseintheSample
【原文标准名称】:当样品中存在零反应时使用属性数据为不合格项的系数或数量或不合格发生率设定上置信限的实施规范
【标准号】:ASTME2334-2009
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:2009
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:E11.30
【标准类型】:(Practice)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:attribute;confidencecoefficient;defect;defective;non-conformingitem;non-conformity;zeroresponse;Attributedata/sampling;Confidenceinterval/limit/coefficient;Defects;Nonconformingitems;Sampling;Statisticalmethods;Upperlimits(ofm
【摘要】:InCase1,thesampleisselectedfromaprocessoraverylargepopulationofinterest.Thepopulationisessentiallyunlimited,andeachitemeitherhasorhasnotthedefinedattribute.Thepopulation(process)hasanunknownfractionofitemsp(longrunaverageprocessnon-conforming)havingtheattribute.Thesampleisagroupofndiscreteitemsselectedatrandomfromtheprocessorpopulationunderconsideration,andtheattributeisnotexhibitedinthesample.Theobjectiveistodetermineanupperconfidencebound,pu,fortheunknownfractionpwherebyonecanclaimthatpx2264;puwithsomeconfidencecoefficient(probability)C.Thebinomialdistributionisthesamplingdistributioninthiscase.InCase2,asampleofnitemsisselectedatrandomfromafinitelotofNitems.LikeCase1,eachitemeitherhasorhasnotthedefinedattribute,andthepopulationhasanunknownnumber,D,ofitemshavingtheattribute.Thesampledoesnotexhibittheattribute.Theobjectiveistodetermineanupperconfidencebound,Du,fortheunknownnumberD,wherebyonecanclaimthatDx2264;Duwithsomeconfidencecoefficient(probability)C.Thehypergeometricdistributionisthesamplingdistributioninthiscase.InCase3,thereisaprocess,buttheoutputisacontinuum,suchasarea(forexample,arollofpaperorothermaterial,afieldofcrop),volume(forexample,avolumeofliquidorgas),ortime(forexample,hours,days,quarterly,etc.)Thesamplesizeisdefinedasthatportionofthex201C;continuumx201D;sampled,andthedefinedattributemayoccuranynumberoftimesoverthesampledportion.Thereisanunknownaveragerateofoccurrence,x03BB;,forthedefinedattributeoverthesampledintervalofthecontinuumthatisofinterest.Thesampledoesnotexhibittheattribute.Forarollofpaperthismightbeblemishesper100ft2;foravolumeofliquid,microbespercubiclitre;forafieldofcrop,sporesperacre;foratimeinterval,callsperhour,customersperdayoraccidentsperquarter.Therate,x03BB;,isproportionaltothesizeoftheintervalofinterest.Thus,ifx03BB;=12blemishesper100ft2ofpaper,thisisequivalentto1.2blemishesper10ft2or30blemishesper250ft2.Itisimportanttokeepinmindthesizeoftheintervalintheanalysisandinterpretation.Theobjectiveistodetermineanupperconfidencebound,x03BB;u,fortheunknownoccurrenceratex03BB;,wherebyonecanclaimthatx03BB;x2264;x03BB;uwithsomeconfidencecoefficient(probability)C.ThePoissondistributionisthesamplingdistributioninthiscase.AvariationonCase3isthesituationwherethesampledx201C;intervalx201D;isreallyagroupofdiscreteitems,andthedefinedattributemayoccuranynumberoftimeswithinanitem.Thismightbethecasewher......